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2015-2016 Undergraduate Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]
Course Descriptions
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Course descriptions include the following elements:
Course Code, Number, and Titles: The course code indicates the department or program in which the course is housed. The course number indicates the level at which the course should be taken. Generally, first-year students take 100-level courses; sophomores, 200-level; juniors, 300-level; and seniors, 400-level. Students are required to limit course selection to courses not more than one level above their class standing. First-year students are not permitted to enroll in 400-level courses. Undergraduate students who need 12 or fewer semester credits to complete all baccalaureate degree requirements may request permission from the Director of Graduate Studies to take courses for graduate credit to complete a regular course load during the semester of graduation. However, undergraduate students may not enroll in courses at the 600-level or 700-level.
Credits: The number of semester hours of credit given upon completion of the course.
Course Content: A brief description of subject matter gives students an idea of what to expect in the course.
Prerequisites: If required or recommended, a prerequisite is either a course that must be completed prior to enrolling in the course or some other requirement that must be met prior to enrolling in the course.
Grading Method: If a course is offered on a grade-only or pass/no credit-only basis, that status is included in the course description. A department’s general pass/no credit policy is included in its listing of program requirements. Students should check the policy before enrolling in a course on a pass/no credit basis.
Frequency of Offering: Course descriptions may indicate how often the course is offered.
Note:
◎= Oral Intensive
◆ = Math/Critical Analysis Intensive
△ = Writing Intensive
✽ = Physical Development and Wellness Graduation Requirement
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Geoscience |
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GEOS 090 - Earth Talks Speaker Series
(0 S.H.)
The course entails student attendance to the Earth Talks Speaker Series hosted each semester by the Geoscience Department. The series serves as a forum through which experts from academia, government, and the private sector, as well as WSU students and faculty, share their experiences and research results with the WSU Geoscience community. The series also provides a venue for discussions of professional, educational, and employment issues related to Geology, Natural Resources, Earth Science teaching, and other related disciplines. Offered each semester Note: Waivers to the normal number of required enrollments are considered by the Department Chair. For example, waivers will be granted as necessary for transfer students who will not be in residence at WSU for six semester. Repeatable: Grade of “P” in six enrollments normally required of Geoscience and Earth Science (Teaching) majors; four enrollments normally required of Geoscience minors.
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GEOS 100 - Minnesota’s Rocks and Waters
(3 S.H.)
Introduction to Minnesota’s geological history focusing on such topics as Minnesota’s rock record and history, fossils, mining, soils, lakes, rivers and ground water. Meets GOAL 3. Includes laboratory simulations and/or field experiences. Grade only. Offered with sufficient demand.
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GEOS 102 - Resources of the Earth
(3 S.H.)
An exploration of historic, current, and future global resources. Discussions cover renewable and non-renewable material and energy resources. Geologic processes, environmental impacts, and economic considerations for each are explored. Meets GOAL 10. Includes laboratory simulations and/or field experiences. Grade only. Offered yearly.
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GEOS 103 - Natural Disasters
(3 S.H.)
An investigative exploration of significant geohazards impacting the Earth with emphasis on volcanoes, earthquakes, landslides and other hill slope failures, hurricanes and tornadoes, pollution and floods. Geologic processes governing each type of disaster are explored. Prediction, impacts and mitigation potential for each hazard are examined. Meets GOAL 3 and GOAL 10. Includes laboratory simulations and/or field experiences. Grade only. Offered yearly.
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GEOS 104 - Catastrophes and Extinctions
(3 S.H.)
Over 99% of the animal species that once inhabited the Earth are now extinct. Remarkably, most of these extinctions have been associated through time with significant geologic events that are considered by many to be catastrophic. In this course, students will explore the major extinctions that have taken place through geologic history. These include the extinction of numerous marine invertebrate species, the extinction of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, the extinction of large mammals during the last ice age, and many others. Weekend (overnight) field trip required. Meets GOAL 3. Includes laboratory simulations and/or field experiences. Grade only. Offered with sufficient demand.
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GEOS 105 - Astronomy with Laboratory
(4 S.H.)
History of astronomy. Study of the planets, their moons, comets, asteroids, meteors, and other planetary bodies. Origin of the universe, solar system, sun, and other stars. Meets GOAL 3. Lecture, laboratory, and observation required. Offered yearly, usually in the fall semester. Note: Students may enroll in either GEOS 105 or GEOS 106 - Astronomy , but they cannot earn credit for both courses.
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GEOS 106 - Astronomy
(3 S.H.)
History of astronomy. Study of the planets, their moons, comets, asteroids, meteors, and other planetary bodies. Origin of the universe, solar system, sun, and other stars. Meets GOAL 3. Includes laboratory simulations and/or field experiences. Grade only. Offered yearly, usually fall semester. Note: Students may enroll in either GEOS 105 - Astronomy with Laboratory or GEOS 106, but they cannot earn credit for both courses.
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GEOS 107 - Geology in the National Parks
(3 S.H.)
A study of geology in U.S. National Parks reveals how Earth processes have interacted with one another and with the bedrock to create landscapes and the geological framework of the North American Continent. Meets GOAL 3. Includes laboratory simulations and/or field experiences. Grade only. Offered with sufficient demand.
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GEOS 108 - Geology of the Mississippi River
(3 S.H.)
Investigation of the geologic history, river processes, and resource management of large rivers, particularly focusing on the Mississippi River. Topics include an exploration of the relationship between the Mississippi River and its watershed, soils, groundwater, bedrock geology, and humans. Concepts emphasized will include the hydrologic cycle, plate tectonics, river morphology, river dynamics, resource management, and public policy issues. Includes laboratory simulations and/or field experiences. Meets GOAL 10. Prerequisites: None. Grade only. Offered with sufficient demand.
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GEOS 110 - Oceanography with Laboratory
(4 S.H.)
Introduction to oceans including the ocean floor, marine sediments, composition of sea water, ocean currents, waves and tides, marine biology, and oceanic resources. Meets GOAL 3. Lecture and laboratory required. Offered alternate years, usually spring semester. Note: Students may enroll in either GEOS 110 or GEOS 111 - Oceanography , but they cannot earn credit for both courses.
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GEOS 111 - Oceanography
(3 S.H.)
Introduction to oceans including the ocean floor, marine sediments, composition of sea water, ocean currents, waves and tides, marine biology, and oceanic resources. Meets GOAL 3. Includes laboratory simulations and/or field experiences. Grade only. Offered with sufficient demand. Note: Students may enroll in either GEOS 110 - Oceanography with Laboratory or GEOS 111, but they cannot earn credit for both courses.
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GEOS 113 - Natural Disasters with Laboratory
(4 S.H.)
An investigative exploration of significant geohazards impacting the Earth with emphasis on volcanoes, earthquakes, landslides and other hill slope failures, hurricanes, tornadoes and floods. Geologic processes governing each type of disaster are explored. Prediction, impacts and mitigation potential for each hazard are examined. Climate change, human influence on the impacts of a changing climate on weather-related disasters will be discussed. Meets GOAL 3 and GOAL 10. Grade only. Offered yearly. Note: Students may enroll in either GEOS 113 or GEOS 103 - Natural Disasters , but they cannot earn credit for both courses.
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GEOS 114 - Catastrophes and Extinctions with Laboratory
(4 S.H.)
More than 99% of species that have lived on Earth are now extinct. This course examines the history of the Earth and life through the lens of catastrophism - the idea that sudden, worldwide, often violent events have played a major role in the evolution of the Earth and the organisms that inhabit it. It stresses the idea that Earth is an interconnected system and that the parts of the system (lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere) interact with and affect each other. The course covers topics such as deep time, the formation of the solar system and Earth, Earth processes such as plate tectonics and climate change, fossils and evolution, mass extinctions and their possible causes, and humanity’s role in extinction events. Meets GOAL 3. Grade only. Offered yearly. Note: Students may enroll in either GEOS 114 or GEOS 104 - Catastrophes and Extinctions , but they cannot earn credit for both courses.
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GEOS 115 - Meteorology with Laboratory
(4 S.H.)
Study of Earth’s dynamic weather system including atmospheric structure, composition, and processes; origin and development of storms and related phenomena. Meets GOAL 3. Lecture and laboratory required. Offered alternate years, usually spring semester. Note: Students may enroll in either GEOS 115 or GEOS 116 - Meteorology , but they cannot earn credit for both courses.
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GEOS 116 - Meteorology
(3 S.H.)
Study of Earth’s dynamic weather system including atmospheric structure, composition, and processes; origin and development of storms and related phenomena. Meets GOAL 3. Includes laboratory simulations and/or field experiences. Grade only. Offered alternate years, usually spring semester. Note: Students may enroll in either GEOS 115 - Meteorology with Laboratory or GEOS 116, but they cannot earn credit for both courses.
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GEOS 120 - Dynamic Earth with Laboratory
(4 S.H.)
An introduction to geologic principles and the processes shaping planet Earth. Composition and distribution of Earth materials; examination of internal processes and their relationship to the distribution of continents over time; surficial processes and environmental problems. Meets GOAL 3. Lecture and laboratory. Offered each semester. Note: Students may enroll in either GEOS 120 or GEOS 121 - Dynamic Earth , but they cannot earn credit for both courses.
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GEOS 121 - Dynamic Earth
(3 S.H.)
An introduction to geologic principles and the processes shaping planet Earth. Composition and distribution of earth materials; examination of internal processes and their relationship to the distribution of continents over time; surficial processes and environmental problems. Meets GOAL 3. Includes laboratory simulations and/or field experiences. Grade only. Offered each semester. Note: Students may enroll in either GEOS 120 - Dynamic Earth with Laboratory or GEOS 121, but they cannot earn credit for both courses.
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GEOS 145 - Paleontology and Dinosaurs
(3 S.H.)
Evolution, classification, extinction and geologic significance of major invertebrate and vertebrate groups. Meets GOAL 3. Includes laboratory simulations and/or field experiences. Offered with sufficient demand.
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GEOS 180 - Investigative Science I: Physical Science
(4 S.H.)
An integrated Physical Science experience through inquiry-based, hands-on exploration of Physics and Chemistry content. Emphasis on science education principles and connections to state and national science education standards. Meets GOAL 3. Lecture and laboratory combined. Grade only. Field trips required. Offered on demand. Note: Students can enroll in either BIOL 180, CHEM 180, GEOS 180 or PHYS 180, but they cannot earn credit for more than one course.
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GEOS 185 - Investigative Science II: Earth & Life Science
(4 S.H.)
An integrated Earth and Life Science experience through inquiry-based, hands-on exploration of Earth, Space and Life Science content. Emphasis on science education principles and connections to state and national science education standards. Meets GOAL 3. Lecture and laboratory combined. Prerequisites: BIOL 180, CHEM 180, GEOS 180, or PHYS 180. Grade only. Field trip required. Offered on demand. Note: Students can enroll in either BIOL 185, CHEM 185, GEOS 185 or PHYS 185, but they cannot earn credit for more than one course.
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GEOS 199 - Dynamic Earth Laboratory
(1 S.H.)
This lab allows students to actively engage in solving geologic problems through hands-on activities and exercises. Examples include observation, testing, and identification of mineral and rock specimens, construction and interpretation of geologic and topographic maps to gain understanding of geologic processes such as plate tectonics, and building basic skills with new technologies important to the geosciences (such as GIS). During each lab, students record observations, analyze findings, and discuss results. Prerequisite or concurrent: Any GEOS course numbered 100-150. Offered every semester.
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GEOS 215 - Earth & Space Systems
(4 S.H.)
An introduction to the Earth System and its place in our Universe. Inquiry-based exploration of the processes and relationships between the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. Introduction to Geology, Astronomy, and Meteorology. Investigation of the various ways that humans interact with the Earth System. Meets GOAL 3. Lecture and laboratory combined. Grade only. Field trips required. Offered yearly, usually Fall semester.
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GEOS 235 - Earth and Life Through Time
(4 S.H.)
Traces the physical, chemical, and biological evolution of the Earth from the origin of the solar system to the present including origin and evolution of Earth’s crust, interior, hydrosphere, and atmosphere; plate tectonics and mountain building; absolute age dating; paleomagnetism. Focuses on the assembly and evolution of North America as a model for global processes. Lecture and laboratory. Meets GOAL 3. Prerequisite: GEOS 120 - Dynamic Earth with Laboratory , or GEOS 215 - Earth & Space Systems , or GEOS 199 - Dynamic Earth Laboratory and a 100 to150-level GEOS course, or instructor’s permission. Weekend field trip required. Offered spring semester.
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GEOS 301 - Field and Analytical Methods I
(4 S.H.)
An introduction to basic geologic field techniques. Covered topics/techniques will include: field notes, rock descriptions and field sketches, use of a Brunton compass, pace and compass mapping, measurement and description of stratigraphic sections, surveying methods, mapping techniques and cross-section construction, GIS and remote sensing, and soil sampling and analysis. Prerequisite: and , or instructor’s permission. Field trips required. Offered yearly, fall semester.
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GEOS 305 - Minerals and Rocks
(4 S.H.)
Introduction to minerals as naturally occurring inorganic chemical compounds. Physical and chemical properties of minerals, classification and description of minerals, with emphasis on rock-forming minerals. Classification, description and interpretation of major rock groups. Lecture and laboratory. Prerequisite: CHEM 212 - Principles of Chemistry I , and GEOS 235 - Earth and Life Through Time , or instructor’s permission. Grade only. Field trips required. Offered fall semester.
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GEOS 309 - Watershed Science
(4 S.H.)
Examination of the hydrologic cycle and surface-water and ground-water relationships. Study of interrelationship of water and Earth materials, including ground-water occurrence, movement and determination of aquifer characteristics. Lecture and laboratory. Prerequisite: A Geoscience laboratory course from GOAL Area 3, or instructor’s permission. Grade only. Field trips required. Offered yearly, usually fall semester.
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GEOS 316 - Geographic Information Systems
(3 S.H.)
Techniques of using aerial photographs, remote sensing, and GIS for geological applications. Prerequisite: Any natural science course or instructor’s permission. Offered yearly, usually spring semester.
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GEOS 325 - Environmental Geoscience
(3 S.H.)
Study of the environmental implications of human interactions with natural geological systems. An emphasis is placed on understanding environmental science concepts and how scientific findings ultimately shape public policy and political decisions. Topics typically include climate change, water resources, alternative energy resources, soils and weathering, and coastal processes. Course is taught from an Earth systems perspective. Discussion-oriented lecture format. Meets GOAL 10. Lecture only. Prerequisite: Any University Studies Natural Science laboratory course or instructor’s permission. Offered alternate years, usually spring semester.
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GEOS 335 - Global Climate Change
(3 S.H.)
Exploration of the Earth’s most recent glacial/interglacial cycles: geological and faunal evidence, the sequence of historical events, potential causative factors, environmental responses and rates of change, and pertinence to contemporary global change. An emphasis will be placed on understanding the mechanisms of climate change in relation to geological processes. Prerequisite: A 100- or 200-level Geoscience Course or the instructor’s permission. Offered in alternate years.
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GEOS 345 - Dinosaur Field Palentology
(4 S.H.)
A field-based course that surveys the evolution, history, and paleobiology of dinosaurs and swimming and flying reptiles as well as introduces students to the techniques and practices of paleontological field- and labwork. Two weeks of fieldwork at active Late Cretaceous and Early Paleogene sites are supplemented by laboratory experience and classroom instruction. The course covers a broad range of topics, including principles of evolution, taxonomy, fossilization, geologic time, sedimentary rocks and sedimentary environments, dinosaur anatomy, paleoecology, field and laboratory techniques, and ethical and legal aspects of fossil excavation. Meets GOAL 3. Grade only. Offered Summer session as demand allows.
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△ GEOS 365 - Sedimentology and Stratigraphy
(4 S.H.)
Physical, chemical, and biological processes that affect sedimentation and depositional systems. Study of stratigraphic nomenclature and correlation, facies models and depositional sequences, eustatic changes of sea level, and plate tectonics. Lecture, laboratory and required field trips. Prerequisites: GEOS 305 - Minerals and Rocks and ENG 111 - College Reading and Writing . Grade only. Offered in alternate years.
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△ GEOS 375 - Planetary Geology
(4 S.H.)
The study of solar system objects from the point of view of a geologist. Current understanding of geology on Earth is used to interpret the many other terrestrial bodies in our solar system. Examination of geologic processes throughout our solar system is used to more deeply understand the Earth’s evolution and geology. Topics covered include fundamentals of solar system objects, planetary formation and evolution, primary geologic processes throughout the solar system, remote sensing of planetary surfaces, and instrumentation and mission design methods used for solar system exploration. Prerequisites: GEOS 235 - Earth and Life Through Time or permission of instructor. One day field trip required. Offered alternate years.
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◎ GEOS 385 - Geology of North America
(3 S.H.)
Study of the physiographic provinces of the North American continent with emphasis on geomorphology, structural history, stratigraphy and mineral deposits of each province. Lecture and discussion. Prerequisite: GEOS 305 - Minerals and Rocks . Offered on demand.
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GEOS 399 - Internship
(1-3 S.H.)
Supervised governmental agency, business, industrial or research institution experience designed by Geoscience faculty advisor, work supervisor, and student. Prerequisites: Open only to Geoscience students with junior or senior standing, math/science GPA 2.5 or better, and approval by the Geoscience Department. Offered each semester.
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GEOS 401 - Geological Field-Research Methods
(2-4 S.H.)
A Field-based course that introduces students to a variety of mapping and field research techniques in locations of geologic interest appropriate for the specific focus of the course. The skills emphasized can include those specific to traditional geologic field mapping or more specialized research methods appropriate for geochemical, geophysical, paleontological, or surficial field research. In all cases the underlying skills of scientific observation, documentation, and hypothesis development will be practiced. Prerequisites: GEOS 325 - Environmental Geoscience , GEOS 301 - Field and Analytical Methods I , GEOS 305 - Minerals and Rocks , or permission. Offered summer session as demand allows.
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GEOS 405 - Current Topics in Geoscience
(1-3 S.H.)
Analysis of current topics and issues relevant to Geosciences. Subject matter and prerequisites will be announced in advance by the department. May be repeated as topics change. Offered with sufficient demand.
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◆ GEOS 415 - Advanced Geomorphology
(4 S.H.)
Study of the nature and evolution of land forms and materials at or near Earth’s surface. Analysis of land forms using topographic maps and aerial photographs. Soil-forming processes and soil classification. Lecture and laboratory. Prerequisite: and or instructor’s permission. Grade only. Field trips required. Offered alternate years.
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◆ GEOS 420 - Applied Hydrogeology
(4 S.H.)
Application of hydrologic principles to ground-water flow problems, aqueous geochemistry, and contaminant studies. Techniques of water-well development, aquifer tests, determination of ground-water chemistry. Use of computer models and other analytical tools. Lecture and laboratory. Prerequisites: GEOS 309 - Watershed Science and and or MATH 120 - Precalculus or higher. Grade only. Field trips required. Offered alternate years in the spring semester.
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GEOS 435 - Optical Mineralogy and Petrology
(4 S.H.)
Theory of optical mineralogy. Optical properties of minerals determined by petrographic microscope. Introduction to major sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks; mineral equilibria and stability, mineralogic phase rule and metamorphic facies. Rock identification by megascopic and petrographic techniques. Lecture and laboratory. Prerequisites: GEOS 305 - Minerals and Rocks and CHEM 212 - Principles of Chemistry I . Field trips required. Offered alternate years, spring semester.
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△ GEOS 441 - Paleontology and Paleoecology
(4 S.H.)
An introduction to paleontology and paleoecology. This course will examine the methods by which paleontologists use fossils to reconstruct the history of life on Earth, reliable date rocks, and study changes in ecology and climate. It combines traditional paleontology (taxonomy and anatomy of the major phyla of fossil organisms) with process-oriented paleontology (tempo and mode of evolution, functional morphology, paleoecology, paleopathology, etc.) In addition to examining and describing fossil organisms, students will learn to reconstruct how ancient organisms lived and interacted with their environment through lectures, discussions, and field and laboratory work. Prerequisites: or instructor’s permission. Grade only. Field trips required. Offered alternate years.
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◆ GEOS 442 - Geophysics
(4 S.H.)
An overview of how geophysics is used to understand the Earth, covering both solid Earth geophysics and near surface geophysical techniques. Topics covered will include planetary formation, gravity, magnetism, energy flow, seismology, DC resistivity, electromagnetic methods, and ground penetrating radar. An emphasis is placed on developing a quantitative understanding of Earth processes through lecture, laboratory, and outdoor field work with near-surface geophysical equipment. Prerequisites: GEOS 235 - Earth and Life Through Time , and PHYS 201 - General Physics I or PHYS 221 - University Physics I , or permission of instructor. Field trips required. Offered alternate years.
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◎ GEOS 443 - Global Water Resources
(4 S.H.)
An introduction to global water resources, focusing on the science, policy and management of fresh water resources. Topics include history of water resource issues, water quality, water treatment, water allocation law, water management agencies, water conflicts and solutions, water footprints, sustainability of global water resources, and the application of geospatial techniques/analysis to water resources management. Prerequisite: GEOS 309 - Watershed Science or GEOS 325 - Environmental Geoscience recommended. Offered alternate years.
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◆ GEOS 445 - Geochemistry
(4 S.H.)
An introduction to geochemical processes. Topics covered will include fundamentals of geochemistry, environmental mineralogy, chemical fate and transport in the environment, remediation techniques, geochemical cycles, isotopes, and biogeochemical reactions. An emphasis is placed on developing a quantitative understanding of geochemical processes through lectures, discussions, and field and laboratory work. Prerequisites: CHEM 212 - Principles of Chemistry I and GEOS 235 - Earth and Life Through Time , or permission of instructor. CHEM 213 - Principles of Chemistry II strongly recommended . Grade only. Field trips required. Offered alternate years in the spring semester. Note: Critical Analysis intensive effective Spring 2016.
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GEOS 450 - Travel Study in Costa Rica
(3 S.H.)
Focuses on student-based field research to assist the municipalities of Playa Dominical and Playa Uvita in developing their natural resources, tourism products, and associated services. Students will inventory natural resources, gather tourism demand and supply data, and participate in constructing a database to help local officials make better tourism-related decisions. Prior to the research study, students will be exposed to basic tourism and natural resources development concepts that have applications in Playa Dominical and Playa Uvita. Post-study work will focus on report development and the assessment of other tourism products and services in Costa Rica. Prerequisites: Instructor’s permission. Offered most May terms subject to student demand.
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△ GEOS 470 - Geological Research Strategies
(2 S.H.)
Instruction in building the skills necessary for designing, planning, and conducting geological research. Students will gain experience in background research using scientific literature, developing effective research proposals, utilizing relevant software, effective communication strategies, procedures for conducting quality field and laboratory research, data quality control and management, and writing and presenting research. Students will complete projects that incorporate and integrate the topics listed above. Some lecturing, but the course delivery style will emphasize peer review, discussion, and collaboration. Prerequisites: GEOS 235 - Earth and Life Through Time and GEOS 301 - Field and Analytical Methods I . Grade only. Offered each spring.
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GEOS 475 - Geoscience Seminar
(1 S.H.)
Focused on aiding students in understanding the utility of their pending Geoscience degree and how to leverage themselves into career and graduate school opportunities after graduation. These goals will be achieved through assembling application materials and applying for a job or graduate school and preparing and giving oral presentations. Prerequisite: Senior standing in department or instructor’s permission. Grade only. Offered fall semester.
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GEOS 499 - Directed Research-Geoscience
(1-3 S.H.)
Independent study of selected geologic field and/or laboratory problem with subsequent preparation of written report and oral seminar. May be repeated up to 6 credits. Prerequisite: Department chairperson’s permission. Offered each semester.
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